Hyperterpenoids A and B: Two pairs of unprecedented 6/6/4/6/6 polycyclic cyclobutane meroterpenoids with potent neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities from Hypericum beanii

Hyperterpenoid A (1) and B (2), two pairs of enantiomers, with an unprecedented 6/6/4/6/6 polycyclic skeleton, along with one known compoud hypermonone A (3) were isolated from Hypericum beanii. The racemate (±)-1 and (±)-2 were successfully separated into the two optically pure enantiomers (ee ≥ 99%) using a preparative HPLC system. Their absolute configurations were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses and single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. The related plausible biogenetic pathways were presented. Compound 1-3 showed significant neuroprotective activity and potential anti-inflammatory activity. The result that (+)-2 and (-)-2 presented different anti-inflammatory properties, may lead us to new discovery of structure activity relationship between racemates, enantiomers, and diastereomers, as well as further research regarding the binding of drugs to target proteins.     

含有二维十二核水簇的银配合物的合成及结构表征

以Hpda[3-(3-吡啶基)乙烯酸]为配体、AgNO_3为金属源,常温下合成了一个新颖的Ag配合物[Ag_2(pda)_2(H_2O)_3]n.通过往AgNO_3和Hpda的悬浊液中滴加氨水,室温下随着氨水的挥发澄清液中析出无色的晶体,所得产物经红外、XRD及热重表征.该分子中含有2个Ag中心,每个Ag中心通过pda配体及Ag—Ag键相连形成花生形状的一维链,该链进一步被Ag—Ag键连接形成双链结构.游离的水分子之间相互作用形成二维层状水簇,呈有趣的L4(4)12(8)形状.水分子与pda配体中的羧基氧通过氢键相互作用,将一维双链延伸成三维网络结构.     

Two near-infrared highly sensitive cyanine fluorescent probes for pH monitoring

Two near-infrared(NIR) p H-activated heptamethine indocyanine probes with quaternary ammonium unit were designed and synthesized. The absorption and emission titrations indicate that cationic structure improves the cyanine dye's aqueous solubility and these two probes exhibit highly sensitive response to p H in acid condition. Their fluorescence intensities both gradually increase about 25-fold from p H 7.60 to 3.00 with p Ka values of 4.72 and 4.45 respectively, which are suitable for studying acidic organelles in living cells. Moreover, their fluorescence intensities are linearly proportional to p H values in the range of 5.50–4.00. These results are probably attributed to the protonation of the indole nitrogen atoms, which are verified by 1H NMR spectra. Furthermore, these two probes can achieve real-time imaging of cellular p H and detection of p H in situ in living He La cells due to their excellent properties,including good reversibility, desirable photostability, high selectivity, low cytotoxicity and remarkable membrane permeability.     

磷酸锆催化剂用于生物质转化

随着化石燃料的减少和能源危机的加重,开发利用可再生的新能源迫在眉睫.生物质作为一种重要的可再生资源,是现代化学工业中的能源和有机碳的重要潜在替代物,将其转化为高附加值化学品具有巨大的开发潜力和实际应用价值.因此,对于生物质资源的高效转化及综合利用越来越受到人们的广泛关注,而催化化学转化是当前实现生物质升值利用的重要途径之一.近年来,磷酸锆逐渐发展成为一种新型的过渡金属磷酸盐多功能材料,在离子交换,吸附,质子传导,光化学,材料化学,催化等领域具有广泛的应用.根据我们和其他课题组的研究基础,本文简要总结了无定形、介孔和结晶型磷酸锆(α、γ、τ)特别是α-磷酸锆材料的制备方法,结构和催化性能.在其结构中,不同的磷氧基团和水分子,锆氧八面体和磷氧四面体通过氧桥相互连接在一起.在特定的制备条件下,可以得到无定形磷酸锆、层状结构的α/γ-磷酸锆或者三维结构的τ-磷酸锆.磷酸锆材料具有极高的热稳定性,优异的耐水能力,且在极性介质(包括水相)中仍然能够显示出中强酸性,不仅具有布朗斯特酸性和路易斯酸性,而且通过控制磷和锆的比例可以调节两种酸的浓度.本文重点介绍了磷酸锆催化剂在生物质平台分子转化(如催化脱水,加氢/氢解,氧化和酯化等)反应中的最新研究进展,特别指出,磷酸锆表现出的高热稳定性,耐水性和中强酸性使其成为具有高活性、高稳定性的多相催化剂.已有研究表明,磷酸锆既可以直接作为固体酸催化剂,也可以将其它金属及其氧化物等活性组分负载于酸性磷酸锆上,可构建包含酸中心、金属中心的多功能催化剂,实现酸催化、加氢、氧化等多步反应,从而应用于由生物质平台分子制取燃料或者精细化学品催化转化过程.总之,磷酸锆用于生物质转化已经取得了一些重要的进展,也是目前该领域的研究热点之一.虽然已有很多磷酸锆催化剂的研究工作,但是在该领域仍然需要更加深入和广泛的研究.在了解催化反应机理的基础上,更加精确设计、改良催化剂的结构,高效应用在生物质转化以及其他催化反应中.     

Synthesis of self-assemble pH-responsive cyclodextrin block copolymer for sustained anticancer drug delivery

Well-defined p H-responsive poly(ε-caprolactone)-graft-β-cyclodextrin-graft-poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethylmethacrylate)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate amphiphilic copolymers(PCL-g-β-CD-g-P(DMAEMA-co-PEGMA)) were synthesized using a combination of atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP),ring opening polymerization(ROP) and "click" chemistry.Successful synthesis of polymers was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),proton nuclear magnetic resonance(1H-NMR),and gel permeation chromatography(GPC).Then,the polymers could selfassemble into micelles in aqueous solution,which was demonstrated by dynamic light scattering(DLS) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The p H-responsive self-assembly behavior of these copolymers in water was investigated at different p H values of 7.4 and 5.0 for controlled doxorubicin(DOX) release,and these results revealed that the release rate of DOX could be effectively controlled by altering the p H,and the release of drug loading efficiency(DLE) was up to 88%(W/W).CCK-8 assays showed that the copolymers had low toxicity and possessed good biodegradability and biocompatibility,whereas the DOX-loaded micelles remained with high cytotoxicity for He La cells.Moreover,confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM) images revealed that polymeric micelles could actively target the tumor site and the efficient intracellular DOX release from polymeric micelles toward the tumor cells further confirmed the anti-tumor effect.The DOX-loaded micelles could easily enter the cells and produce the desired pharmacological action and minimize the side effect of free DOX.These results successfully indicated that p H-responsive polymeric micelles could be potential hydrophobic drug delivery carriers for cancer targeting therapy with sustained release.     

吡唑类化合物的合成研究进展

吡唑类化合物是一类重要的药物合成中间体,在抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗抑郁等领域发挥着重要作用。本文综述了吡唑类衍生物的合成方法,包括1,3-亲电化合物与肼类的环化、1,3-偶极体系的环加成等。     

Syntheses,crystal structures,electrochemical and photocatalytic properties of two mixed-ligand cobalt(II) coordination polymers based on flexible bis(2-methylbenzimidazole) dicarboxylic acid ligands

Two Co(II) coordination polymers (CPs), namely [Co(L)(tp)] _n (1) and [Co(L)_0.5(tbip)·H₂O] _n (2), (L = 1,6-bis(2-methylbenzimidazolyl) hexane, H₂tp = terephthalic acid, H₂tbip = 5-tert-butyl isophthalic acid), were hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods. CP 1 possesses a 2D (4,4) corrugated layer structure, which further extends into a 3D supramolecular framework by π–π stacking interactions, while CP 2 has a 1D ladder-like chain structure and combines into a 2D layer via O–H?O hydrogen-bonding interactions. The thermal stabilities, luminescence and electrochemical properties of both CPs, as well as photocatalytic activities for the decomposition of methylene blue, were presented. The photocatalytic mechanism was investigated by introducing t-butyl alcohol, EDTA-2Na and benzoquinone as ?OH, (hole)⁺ and ·O^2? scavengers, respectively.     

聚吡咯/多壁碳纳米管及其聚氨酯导电复合材料的制备和性能

以羧基化多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)做模版剂,采用化学氧化法将吡咯(Py)在羧基化MWCNTs表面聚合制备PPy/MWCNTs导电材料,将其添加到溶剂型聚氨酯(PU)溶液中制备了PPy/MWCNTs/PU导电复合材料,研究了Py用量对PPy/MWCNTs及其PU复合材料性能的影响.研究表明,随Py用量的增加,PPy/MWCNTs的长度不变,管径增大,sp~2和sp~3杂化C含量先提高后减少,N的掺杂梯度降低,PPy/MWCNTs的导电率高于羧基化MWCNTs和PPy.当Py用量为羧基化MWCNTs的20%时,其导电率最大.PPy/MWCNTs中N元素的掺杂程度及其管径变化是引起PPy/MWCNTs/PU复合材料的性能不同的主要原因.增加Py用量,MWCNTs中亲水的羧基因对PPy掺杂而消耗,相同导电材料用量时纳米导电粒子数目相对减少,PPy/MWCNTs/PU复合材料的耐水性能提高,定向应力、储能模量和玻璃化温度降低,导电率先增加后减小.当Py用量为羧基化MWCNTs的15%时,导电率最大.     

Local and parallel finite element algorithm for stationary incompressible magnetohydrodynamics

This article presents a local and parallel finite element method for the stationary incompressible magnetohydrodynamics problem. The key idea of this algorithm comes from the two‐grid discretization technique. Specifically, we solve the nonlinear system on a global coarse mesh, and then solve a series of linear problems on several subdomains in parallel. Furthermore, local a priori estimates are obtained on a general shape regular grid. The efficiency of the algorithm is also illustrated by some numerical experiments.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 33: 1513–1539, 2017